Structure, Origins, and Life in the Fishponds of Pāʻaiea

Naturalist Bobby Camara introduces the fishponds of Pāʻaiea and nearby areas like Mākalawena by reflecting on how their structure and function emerged from the natural features of the coastline. Rather than building entirely from scratch, early Hawaiians worked with what was already present, including anchialine pools, low-lying lava flows, and rocky shorelines, to create thriving aquatic systems.
He describes how kuapā, or seawalls, were constructed to guide and contain water, forming a range of habitats that supported limu, crabs, ʻōpelu, aku, and ʻōpae ʻula, the small red shrimp once used as bait in offshore fishing. These ponds were not just engineered features. They were living systems deeply tied to food production, resource management, and place.
Bobby also touches on present-day challenges such as invasive species and offers insight into how quickly native life can return when ponds are restored. His reflections highlight the depth and adaptability of loko iʻa design and the ongoing relevance of traditional ecological knowledge in Hawaiʻi.